VIRTUAL COLLECTION OF ASIAN MASTERPIECES

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Rhyton
44782 кп
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Why this is a
Masterpiece

The rhyton unearthed at Kalali-gir 2 is unique. First, it has a handle, which is quite exceptional for this kind of vessels in general. Second, it lacks protoma, while the mythical creature a bearded man with ox horns, is placed on the central part of the vessel. Signifies of this character is character is rather complex. On the one hand, he can be identified as Gopotshakh, a mythical man-bull, who is associated with Yima, the first monarch in Avestian mythology. On the other hand, he resembles Bacchus or satyr, the characters well known in Hellenistic culture of the Orient. In any case, its beyond doubt, that this mythical creature is somehow related to the ritual, for which this rhyton was used as a vessel for libation.

History of the Object
The artistic pottery of Khwarazm from the 4th – 2nd centuries B.C., and such are the majority of ritual vessels discovered during excavations, demonstrates a manifest influence of ancient Iranian mythology in the most striking way. Images of small forms of plastic arts and scenes, depicted in raised relief technique on the flat side of clayware flagons, correspond more or less to the subject matter of myths, partially preserved in the texts of “Avesta” and “Rigveda”. Thus, a variety of mythical images and characters captured in clayware present themselves to the eye of the beholder. Rhytons, or horn-shaped vessels made of metal, clay or ivory, are one of the most numerous types of such ware. As usual, they had a protoma of an animal or mythical creature as their lower part. In Kwarazm the lower part of many clayware rhytons was shaped as a head of the horse, an animal associated with solar worship.

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Type
Archaeological 
Materials
Clay, throwing on throwing –wheel, hand-modelling, stamped relief, carving. 
Measurements
H.22 cm, dia. (rim) 13,2 cm 
Creator name
 
Creator date
 
Where it was made
Turkmenistan, Tashauz region, Kalali-gir 2 ritual centre 
Geography
Turkmenistan 
Time period
- BCE 
Creation date
IV – II century 
Function
 
Acquisition
 
Copyright
The State Museum of Oriental Art 
Acknowledgements
 
Owner
 
Museum
The State Museum of Oriental Art 
Credit line
 

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